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Congress
ALSO APPEARS AS
- Congress
APPEARS IN THE MARGINS OF
- Reagan NSC Authorization: Implicit vs. Explicit Orders and Legal Scrutiny in Iran-Contra Context
This dossier addresses a specific legal and historical question that emerged during and after the Iran-Contra investigations (1985–1987 operations, exposed 1986–1987): whether Reagan administration NS…
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: Executive Directives for Accelerated Passage
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, passed by the U.S. Congress on August 7, 1964, granted President Lyndon B. Johnson broad authority to use military force in Vietnam without a formal declaration of war. …
- GAO Audits of Federal Agency Data Broker Purchases and Civil Rights Impact
The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) serves as the investigative arm of Congress, conducting audits and evaluations of federal spending and performance to provide nonpartisan information to…
- Jeffrey Epstein Intelligence Agency Allegations and Documented References
The public release of documents related to Jeffrey Epstein's legal proceedings, often referred to as the 'Epstein files,' has intensified scrutiny into long-standing allegations of his connections to …
- Law Enforcement Informant Use and Incident Escalation: Comparative Studies Across Agencies
The use of confidential informants (CIs) is a widespread practice across various U.S. law enforcement agencies, including the FBI, ATF, DEA, and local police. This practice raises questions about the …
- Attorney General's Guidelines Enforceability in Civil Litigation
The question concerns whether federal courts have explicitly held that Attorney General's Guidelines are enforceable as substantive rights in civil litigation. Generally, federal courts apply substant…
- Federal Agency Purchases of Commercial Location Data from Data Brokers
Multiple federal agencies, including Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), have been identified as purchasers of commercial location data and other personal information from data brokers. This pr…
- Oversight Mechanisms for FBI and DHS Location Data Purchases
This dossier investigates the documented oversight mechanisms pertaining to the purchase of commercial location data by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Department of Homeland Securit…
- EPIC and CDT Recommendations for GAO Oversight of Federal Data Broker Purchases
The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) and the Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), among other civil society organizations, have actively called upon Congress and the Office of Manageme…
- Iran-Contra Special Prosecutor's Interpretation of Presidential Authorization
The Iran-Contra affair involved covert arms sales to Iran and funding of the Contras in Nicaragua by Reagan administration officials. A key legal question revolved around the concept of presidential '…
- Reagan Administration Legal Interpretation of Boland Amendment and Third-Party Funding for Contras
The Boland Amendment, enacted by Congress in fiscal year 1985, restricted the use of U.S. government funds to support the Contras in Nicaragua. This dossier investigates the Reagan administration's le…
- Poindexter's Defense: Presidential Authorization Beyond Deniability in Iran-Contra
During the Iran-Contra affair, former National Security Advisor John Poindexter faced charges related to the diversion of funds to the Contras and false statements to Congress. A key aspect of Poindex…
- State Department Documented End-Use Violations Reported to Congress Since 2020
The U.S. Department of State is responsible for investigating and reporting to Congress any substantial violations of agreements concerning U.S.-origin defense articles and services by foreign partner…
- End-Use Violations by Foreign Partners: Documented Outcomes Since 2020
The U.S. State Department is tasked with investigating and reporting end-use violations by foreign partners, which involve non-compliance with requirements for the purpose, transfer, and security of U…
- GAO Reports on End-Use Violations (Post-2020)
The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) is responsible for providing fact-based, non-partisan information to Congress, including audits, surveys, investigations, and evaluations of federal pro…
- State Department Staffing and Budget for End-Use Violations and Civilian Harm (2020-Present)
This dossier investigates the staffing levels and budget allocations within the U.S. State Department dedicated to investigating and reporting end-use violations and civilian harm, focusing on changes…
- Senate Report 101-44 Findings: Legal and Administrative Consequences
Senate Report 101-44, titled "Were Relevant Documents Withheld from the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran-Contra Affair," was published in June 1989. This report investigated allegations…
- GAO and State Department Reports on Foreign Protests of U.S. Arms Transfers
The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) conducts audits, surveys, investigations, and evaluations of Federal programs, including those related to U.S. arms transfers. The Department of State i…
- Presidential Directives and Implicit Authorization for Covert Action Post-Iran-Contra
The Iran-Contra Affair (1985-1987) brought public scrutiny to the authorization mechanisms for covert actions, particularly the concept of 'implicit authorization.' This dossier investigates whether s…
- Declassification of Authorization Chains for HEW/HHS/USPHS Medical Experiments
The declassification and release of government documents are generally governed by executive orders and agency-specific regulations, rather than specific legislative acts directly addressing authoriza…