CROSS-REFERENCE TERMINAL ... SEE ALSO
  RECORD ................. /ethical-review-standards-human-research-1945-1972
  STATUS ................. ACTIVE
  CROSS-REFERENCES ....... 2 (2 OUT / 0 IN)
  NAVIGATION ............. CLICK A CARD TO WALK THE ARCHIVE

Ethical Review Standards for Human Subject Research in US, 1945-1972

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→ SHARES-EVENT Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Government Medical Experimentation and 1972 Exposure [file] — The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, ending in 1972, is a primary example of human subject research conducted during this period with significant ethical violations, highlighting the lack of robust ethical review standards.
→ SHARES-EVENT MKUltra University and Medical Institution Funding: Disclosure and Institutional Review [file] — The covert nature of MKUltra, which operated during this period and involved universities without explicit ethical oversight, exemplifies the deficiencies in ethical review standards prior to mandated IRBs.